Hong Kong Infectious Diseases Specialist Centre
香港傳染病醫療服務中心
麻疹、流行性腮腺炎、德國麻疹及水痘 (MMRV 四痘混合疫苗)
MMRV Vaccine (measles, mumps, rubella, varicella)
麻疹、流行性腮腺炎、德國麻疹及水痘 (MMRV 四痘混合疫苗)
水痘是由帶狀疱疹過濾性病毒(HZV)所引起，是兒童常見的急性傳染病，多發生在五至十歲的兒童身上。水痘令全身皮膚出現豆狀的水泡及發熱，而且水泡結痂後有機會留下永久疤痕。抵抗力弱人士有機會染上併發症如猩紅熱及肺炎。水痘的傳染性極高，尤其是幼兒及在患者的初期。患上一次後，身體會自動產生免疫能力，因此能終生免疫。但水痘病毒可潛伏於體內，多年後活化而引致「帶狀疱疹」，俗稱「生蛇」。最常見是經人與人接觸直接傳播。若婦女在懷孕首三個月染上水痘，可導致胎兒先天性缺陷，如四肢痿縮，眼睛和中央神經系統受損。
同屬傳染病的麻疹、流行性腮腺炎及德國麻疹，均會透過空氣中的飛沬或接觸患者的呼吸道分泌物而感染。
麻疹會引致中耳炎、氣管炎、腦炎等併發症。腮腺炎會引致聽力受損、卵巢或睪丸發炎；而德國麻疹會引致關節炎、腦炎、結膜炎，孕婦流產或畸胎等。
最新推出的四痘混合疫苗，除預防水痘，還有麻疹、腮腺炎和德國麻疹，把現時要分開注射的水痘針及麻疹、腮腺炎和德國麻疹三合一針合併。除可減少注射共兩針外，更可提早於 15 個月給寶寶全面保護，預防水痘程度接近 100%。
Chickenpox make bean-shaped blisters and fever on body skin, blisters and scabs have the opportunity to leave permanent scars afterwards. People with weak resistance are prone to complications such as scarlet fever and pneumonia. Chickenpox is extremely infectious, especially in young children and in
patients in early stage. Once suffering from chickenpox, the body will automatically produce immunity, thus results in lifelong immunity. But chickenpox virus can be in the body for years. After the activation, "shingles" is caused, of which the most common way of propagation is through direct contact with people. If women are infected with chickenpox in the first three months of pregnancy, it can lead to birth defects, such as limbs atrophy shrink, eyes and central nervous system damage.
Measles, mumps, rubella are highly communicable infectious diseases. This can be transmitted airborne by droplet spread or by direct contact with nasal or throat secretions of infected persons.
Measles can cause otitis media, bronchitis, encephalitis and other complications. Mumps can cause hearing loss, ovarian or testicular inflammation; while rubella can cause arthritis, encephalitis, conjunctivitis, miscarriage or birth defects, etc.
The MMRV vaccine combines the attenuated virus MMR (measles, mumps, rubella) vaccine with the addition of chickenpox vaccine or varicella vaccine (V stands for varicella) to prevention of chickenpox, as well as measles, mumps and rubella, it also put the separating chickenpox injection and measles, mumps and rubella into one vaccine. Except reducing the injection of two vaccines, it can give comprehensive protection the baby at 15 months in advance where the level of prevention against
chickenpox is high to 100%.
麻疹、流行性腮腺炎、德國麻疹及水痘 (MMRV 四痘混合疫苗)
MMRV Vaccine (measles, mumps, rubella, varicella)
麻疹、流行性腮腺炎、德國麻疹及水痘 (MMRV 四痘混合疫苗)
水痘是由帶狀疱疹過濾性病毒(HZV)所引起，是兒童常見的急性傳染病，多發生在五至十歲的兒童身上。水痘令全身皮膚出現豆狀的水泡及發熱，而且水泡結痂後有機會留下永久疤痕。抵抗力弱人士有機會染上併發症如猩紅熱及肺炎。水痘的傳染性極高，尤其是幼兒及在患者的初期。患上一次後，身體會自動產生免疫能力，因此能終生免疫。但水痘病毒可潛伏於體內，多年後活化而引致「帶狀疱疹」，俗稱「生蛇」。最常見是經人與人接觸直接傳播。若婦女在懷孕首三個月染上水痘，可導致胎兒先天性缺陷，如四肢痿縮，眼睛和中央神經系統受損。
同屬傳染病的麻疹、流行性腮腺炎及德國麻疹，均會透過空氣中的飛沬或接觸患者的呼吸道分泌物而感染。
麻疹會引致中耳炎、氣管炎、腦炎等併發症。腮腺炎會引致聽力受損、卵巢或睪丸發炎；而德國麻疹會引致關節炎、腦炎、結膜炎，孕婦流產或畸胎等。
最新推出的四痘混合疫苗，除預防水痘，還有麻疹、腮腺炎和德國麻疹，把現時要分開注射的水痘針及麻疹、腮腺炎和德國麻疹三合一針合併。除可減少注射共兩針外，更可提早於 15 個月給寶寶全面保護，預防水痘程度接近 100%。
Chickenpox make bean-shaped blisters and fever on body skin, blisters and scabs have the opportunity to leave permanent scars afterwards. People with weak resistance are prone to complications such as scarlet fever and pneumonia. Chickenpox is extremely infectious, especially in young children and in
patients in early stage. Once suffering from chickenpox, the body will automatically produce immunity, thus results in lifelong immunity. But chickenpox virus can be in the body for years. After the activation, "shingles" is caused, of which the most common way of propagation is through direct contact with people. If women are infected with chickenpox in the first three months of pregnancy, it can lead to birth defects, such as limbs atrophy shrink, eyes and central nervous system damage.
Measles, mumps, rubella are highly communicable infectious diseases. This can be transmitted airborne by droplet spread or by direct contact with nasal or throat secretions of infected persons.
Measles can cause otitis media, bronchitis, encephalitis and other complications. Mumps can cause hearing loss, ovarian or testicular inflammation; while rubella can cause arthritis, encephalitis, conjunctivitis, miscarriage or birth defects, etc.
The MMRV vaccine combines the attenuated virus MMR (measles, mumps, rubella) vaccine with the addition of chickenpox vaccine or varicella vaccine (V stands for varicella) to prevention of chickenpox, as well as measles, mumps and rubella, it also put the separating chickenpox injection and measles, mumps and rubella into one vaccine. Except reducing the injection of two vaccines, it can give comprehensive protection the baby at 15 months in advance where the level of prevention against
chickenpox is high to 100%.