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乙型肝炎疫苗
Hepatitis B Vaccine

乙型肝炎(Hepatitis B)是由病毒引起的疾病，可引起急性肝炎，更可導致慢性肝病包括肝硬化。病毒能令大量肝細胞死亡，損害肝臟功能。約 5-10%急性受感染人士會終身成為帶病毒者，日後更有機會發展為慢性肝炎、肝硬化，甚至肝癌。據統計，香港約有 8%人口是乙型肝炎帶病毒者。

乙型肝炎病毒大量存在於患者之體液，主要是血液、胎水、精液及陰道分泌物，並經母嬰、體液接觸或性接觸傳播，如使用未經消毒或受污染的針咀穿耳或紋身、共用鬚刨或牙刷等 。部分患者由於病徵輕微，自己成為帶病毒者也不自知，因此也會在不自覺下，把病毒傳播給伴侶及下一代。

Hepatitis B (HVB) is caused by a viral disease. Virus can cause a lot of liver cell to death and damage liver function. 5% to 10% of acutely infected people will become lifelong carriers of the virus and they
will develop chronic hepatitis, cirrhosis, and even liver cancer in the future. According to statistics, about 8% of the population of Hong Kong is hepatitis B virus carrier.

The hepatitis B virus is found in the body fluids of an infected person, mainly in the form of blood, amniotic fluid, semen and vaginal secretions. The major routes of transmission are perinatal transmission, blood contact and sexual contact. Sharing injection instruments for drug injection. Using contaminated instruments for ear-piercing, tattooing or acupuncture. Sharing personal items such as razors, shavers or nail trimmer which may have been contaminated with blood. Since the symptoms of infection are mild in most cases, carriers may be unaware that they carry the virus and may pass it to
their spouse and children unknowingly.